Lincoln cent The Lincoln cent made its debut in 1909 to honor the 100th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln’s birth. Designed by Victor David Brenner, it became the first regularly circulating U.S. coin to feature a real historical figure rather than a symbolic image. Brenner placed his initials “VDB” on the reverse of the coin, but public criticism over their size led to their quick removal. Because of this brief production window—especially at the San Francisco Mint—the 1909-S VDB penny became one of the most famous and desired coins in American numismatics.
Why Collectors Treasure the 1909-S VDB Penny
The value of the 1909-S VDB penny lies in its rarity and historical importance. Only 484,000 coins were struck at the San Francisco Mint before the initials were removed. In coin collecting terms, this is considered a very low mintage. As a result, it became the “key date” of the Lincoln Wheat cent series. Collectors often build complete date-and-mint sets, and without the 1909-S VDB, the collection feels incomplete. That strong demand continues to support high prices even more than a century later.
Is It Really Worth $750 Million?
Stories sometimes circulate online claiming that a 1909-S VDB penny could be worth $750 million. In reality, this figure is symbolic rather than factual. No Lincoln cent has ever sold for anywhere near that amount. However, exceptionally preserved examples graded in high Mint State condition can sell for tens of thousands of dollars at major auctions. Coins with unique history, original red luster, or exceptional eye appeal command the strongest premiums. The legend of the “$750 million penny” reflects how iconic the coin has become among collectors, not its actual market value.
Important 1909 Lincoln Penny Varieties
Not all 1909 pennies are equal. Several versions exist, and their values differ significantly depending on mint mark and condition.
| Coin Type | Circulated Value (Approx.) | Mint State Value (Approx.) |
|---|---|---|
| 1909 VDB (Philadelphia) | $10 – $50 | $100 – $500+ |
| 1909-S VDB | $700 – $1,500 | $3,000 – $20,000+ |
| 1909-S (No VDB) | $50 – $200 | $500 – $3,000+ |
| Proof Issues | N/A | $1,000 – $5,000+ |
| Legendary Specimen | Symbolic | “$750 Million” Myth |
The Philadelphia VDB issue is far more common than the San Francisco version, making it affordable for beginner collectors. The 1909-S without the VDB initials is also desirable but less rare than the S VDB. Proof coins, struck specially for collectors, feature mirror-like surfaces and carry higher premiums in top condition.
Condition and Grading Matter Most
The condition of a coin plays a crucial role in determining its value. Coins are graded on a scale from Poor (P-1) to Mint State (MS-70). A heavily worn 1909-S VDB penny may sell for under $1,000, while an uncirculated example with strong detail and original color can reach five figures. Professional grading services authenticate and encapsulate coins, giving buyers confidence about originality and condition. For rare pieces, grading is often recommended before selling.
Could You Still Find One Today?
Although Wheat pennies stopped being minted in 1958, old collections, estate holdings, and inherited coin jars sometimes contain hidden treasures. Many people overlook older pennies, assuming they are common. However, careful examination of the date and mint mark—especially the small “S” below the date and the “VDB” initials on the reverse—can reveal a valuable coin. While finding one in everyday circulation today is extremely rare, discoveries still happen in long-forgotten collections.
Market Trends in 2026
In 2026, rare U.S. coins continue to perform steadily in auctions and private sales. The 1909-S VDB remains one of the most searched and traded early Lincoln cents. Demand stays strong because of its legendary status and relatively limited supply. While common Wheat pennies trade near face value, key dates such as this one consistently attract serious collectors. Market prices can fluctuate based on overall economic conditions, grading trends, and collector interest.
Tips for New Collectors
If you are interested in collecting Lincoln pennies, begin by learning to identify key dates and mint marks. Use a magnifying glass to inspect details carefully. Store coins in protective holders to prevent scratches or environmental damage. Avoid cleaning coins, as this can reduce value significantly. For high-value coins, professional grading is often worth the cost. Finally, follow auction results and reputable dealer listings to stay updated on real market prices rather than relying on viral claims.
A Timeless Piece of American History
The 1909-S VDB Lincoln penny is more than just a one-cent coin. It represents history, artistry, and the excitement of discovery. Whether valued at hundreds or tens of thousands of dollars, its importance in American coin collecting is undeniable. The story of the “$750 million penny” may be exaggerated, but the coin’s legacy is very real—and that is what truly makes it priceless to collectors.